https://doi.org/10.24552/00002172 ©青森県立保健大学
Literature study on patient education to enhance self-efficacy of type 2 diabetic patients in Japan
Rumiko Koide1,2）and Sachiko Fukui1,3）
1）Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare
2）Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medical Care, Hachinohe Gakuin University
3）Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare
（Recieved August 25, 2021; Accepted December 21, 2021）
ABSTRACT
［Objective］The purpose of this study is to examine the literature on patient education for type 2 diabetes incorporating self-efficacy in Japan and to discuss how patient education for type 2 diabetes can enhance self-efficacy.
［Methods］We used the search terms “type 2 diabetes,” “patient education,” “self-efficacy,” and “original article” to search CINAHL and the Web version of the Japan Medical Abstracts Society for the period 1999-2020. The evaluation data used for self-efficacy was objective data expressed in numerical values.
［Results］Fourteen articles of the research conducted in Japan. The most common educational method was individualized instruction in 10 cases. Patient education that enhanced self-efficacy included implementation of a program based on cognitive-behavioral theory, nutritional instruction using SMBG（Self monitoring of blood glucose）, nutritional instruction tailored to the subject’s stage of dietary behavior change, and individualized educational instruction through interviews and telephone calls over a 6-month period. The duration of education was 6 months or less in most cases, and only one case was conducted for 12 months. The educational program increased self-efficacy and decreased HbA1c levels in five cases, and improved BMI levels in three cases.
［Conclusions］The results suggest that long-term individualized guidance based on behavioral theory and the setting of achievable goals that lead to successful experiences are effective in educating patients to enhance self-efficacy.
Key words: type 2 diabetes, patient education, self-efficacy